The Cyber Dialogue at the Crossroads: Why States Disagree on the Need for a New Cyber Treaty?

The Case against a Cyber Arms Treaty

Cryptobotics: Why Robots Need Cyber Safety

With the expected introduction of robots into our daily lives, providing mechanisms to avoid undesired attacks and exploits in robot communication software is becoming increasingly required. Just as during the beginnings of the computer age (Pfleeger and Pfleeger, 2002), robotics is established in a “happy naivety,” where security rules against external attacks are not adopted, assuming that ro...

“the effect of risk aversion on the demand for life insurance: the case of iranian life insurance market”

abstract: about 60% of total premium of insurance industry is pertained?to life policies in the world; while the life insurance total premium in iran is less than 6% of total premium in insurance industry in 2008 (sigma, no 3/2009). among the reasons that discourage the life insurance industry is the problem of adverse selection. adverse selection theory describes a situation where the inf...

survey on the rule of the due & hindering relying on the sheikh ansaris ideas

قاعده مقتضی و مانع در متون فقهی کم و بیش مستند احکام قرار گرفته و مورد مناقشه فقهاء و اصولیین می باشد و مشهور معتقند مقتضی و مانع، قاعده نیست بلکه یکی از مسائل ذیل استصحاب است لذا نگارنده بر آن شد تا پیرامون این قاعده پژوهش جامعی انجام دهد. به عقیده ما مقتضی دارای حیثیت مستقلی است و هر گاه می گوییم مقتضی احراز شد یعنی با ماهیت مستقل خودش محرز گشته و قطعا اقتضاء خود را خواهد داشت مانند نکاح که ...

The Civil Responsibility of Government in the Cyberspace: Looking at the Cyber Ethics

Background: Given the appropriateness of cyberspace and its interconnectedness, each country is expected to minimize the possibility of harmful actions by securing and continuously monitoring the Internet and the virtual world. Of course, part of this goal will be achieved through the adoption of appropriate national laws and, in part, through proper education of citizens and the development of...